Participatory Culture of Henry Jenkins Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Participatory Culture of Henry Jenkins - Essay Example The essay "Participatory Culture of Henry Jenkins" talks about the idea of Henry Jenkins that literacy in the 21st century should be measured as a social or group skill rather than subjective. In short, he has tried to unravel that, whether it is knowledge or education, it should be shared and spread in the present times with the help of different tools that he describes as aids; however, he has also reiterated that incorporating new ideas or methodologies in an effort to make literacy more viable and accessible does not mean that traditional ideas should be refuted in any manner or with a motive, which is virtually irrelevant. Thus, the idea of Jenkins, which says â€Å"the new media literacies should be seen as social skills, as ways of interacting with a larger community, and not simply an individualized skill to be used for personal expression† opens new opportunities. The point that is to be appreciated in the concept is that Jenkins has begun explaining his ideas in an extremely lucid manner that pervades the humdrum of all those concepts that are familiar in everyday life. Although he has entered into a sensitive arena such as literacy and education, Jenkins has tried to maintain a strain of sanguinity throughout the paper. His primary intention is to convince his readers that education is a much broader term and its utilization should not be restrained or limited; rather, the new means of communication can be used for diminishing the cross-cultural barriers that often detains the true purpose of education.

The Struggle for Racial Uplift Essay Example for Free

The Struggle for Racial Uplift Essay * Ishmael. He was caught in the jungles of Africa at a young age and has lived his life in captivity ever since. He started out in a zoo-purchased by Walter Sokolow, with whom he learned to communicate telepathically. * Ishmael’s investigation focused on the issue of captivity-and grew into a more comprehensive exploration of humanity. * Ishmael helps the narrator understand his cultural history. Ishmael divides humans into two groups: Leavers and Takers. * Takers are members who believe you should dominate first the planet, then the universe, through technological innovations. Leavers are members of tribal cultures that live simple, basic rules that govern other populations on Earth. * Ishmael helps the narrator see that taker culture is in freefall, bound to crash once you have depleted the planet of its biological and environmental resources. * Ishmael shows the narrator how various cultural myths have helped shape both cultures. One main myth he discusses is the story of Adam and Eve. -historically this myth was used by Leaver cultures to explain the expansion of Taker cultures. -Leavers were trying to understand why Takers had turned to agriculture and were trying to force their way of life on the Leavers. -Takers had eaten of the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil — the tree of the gods must eat from in order to know who should live and die. Only to know that that form does not belong to life- form on earth. * Narrator becomes a teacher in Ishmaels honor, in hopes to teach people about the taker culture and find a new way to live w/others on earth. Character List and Analysis * Ishmael- they see themselves as superior and removed from the rules that structure the evolution and survival of other life-forms on the planet. * through his research on human history, hes come to see that they, too, are captive to a destructive way of life in their pursuit of domination over the rest of the world. * Through his studies, Ishmael tries to understand why humans feel called to dominate the world, and he teaches the explanation hes come up with to his student (the narrator) Narrator * The nameless narrator is Ishmaels fifth student and the only one who isnt completely defeated at the end of his instruction. * Hes open-minded and maintains his desire to save the world, though he often finds it difficult to maintain a sense of hope. * Analysis * cultural revolution of the late 1960s * constructing the novel in first person, the reader closely aligns himself with the narrator and can sympathize with the problematic feeling of giving up ones youthful dreams * by being both named and renamed, Ishmael gains a stronger sense of himself as an individual. He is not the giant enemy Goliath-but rather Ishmael, the cast-off son of Abraham. * Quinns use of biblical allusions for Ishmaels names structure the relationship he has with humans. While imprisoned, hes a goliath, an unknown monster. Once hes able to communicate with humans and share their knowledge, he is like a distant relative, as the offspring of Ishmael are to the offspring of Isaac in the Bible. * why are things the way they are? This question is first presented by Ishmael in his memories of life in the zoo. Part 1 * Rachel’s mother, who has always resented Ishmaels relationship with her husband and daughter. * When Ishmael moved in the city he became a teacher, his key subject being the issue of captivity. * Ishmael says that, while it may not matter if one individual discovers the lie, it could change the world if the entire human population discovered the truth. Analysis groundwork to answer the novels central question: why are things the way they are? -Ishmael uses rhetorical strategies, such as asking guiding questions and storytelling, to engage his pupil -humans are captive to a civilizational system and are unable to see the bars of the cage. Part 2 * Ishmael explain The first is that story is the explanation of the relationship between humans, the world, and the gods. * second is that to enact something is to live as if a certain story is a reality. * The third term he defines is culture, which is a group of people enacting a story. * Mother Culture concludes that the Leavers story is the first chapter of humankinds development and the Takers are the second chapter. * narrator insists there is no overarching story or myth that forms his culture. * Greeks did not think of their myths as myths either; rather, what are now considered myths were just the stories that structured their lives. Analysis-Quinn associates takers with civilization and leavers with primitive cultures. –Additionally, Ishmael provides the narrator with three key definitions for story, to enact, and culture. -framework for Ishmaels exploration of Takers and Leavers, who are groups of people with their own story theyre enacting as a culture. Part 3 * myth contains facts, those facts are arranged in a way that suggests the point of the formation of the universe and evolution is the formation of man. Ishmael claims that this is the central idea behind the Takers culture — that Earth was made to support human life Analysis- storytelling is essential to the narrators epiphany in this section. -story featuring a jellyfish rather than a human at the end of it, narrator begins to see the difference between fact and myth. Ishmael and the narrator discuss the way culture influences humans, and on the micro level as a means for Ishmael to instruct the narrator. -many of Ishmaels statements to the narrator are in the form of leading questions . Part 4 * Taker Culture, middle of the story is humankinds time as hunter-gatherers, a time when they were living much as other animals do. * for humankind to achieve its destiny, it had to discover agriculture, which provided it with the means of staying in one place and developing civilization and technology. * so why must man do this? Whats the purpose of rising above the other animals? Ishmael has the narrator imagine an Earth without humans on it; * Ishmael helps the narrator see the next part of the story: man was put on Earth to rule it, and to do so he had to conquer it. * Taker cultural story suggests that things are the way they are because man had to fulfill his destiny of conquering everything, really things are the way they are because man hasnt become the ruler of the world, but its destroyer and enemy. Analysis- why are things the way they are — evolves in Part 4 through Ishmaels use of imaginative exercises and Socratic dialogue. * Ishmael encourages the narrator to imagine Earth without man. Through this creative exercise, the narrator sees the world in a new way and better understands his culture myth. * explain how Takers justify the destruction of the worlds natural resources and wildlife, the narrator says that Takers would see this as the price that must be paid to advance human culture. Part 5 * figure out the end of the story. * man has been put on Earth to conquer it, in conquering it hes caused a lot of problems. * but at the end of his story is that humans are inherently flawed and thus will continue to screw up their pursuit of paradise. * Ishmael asks what evidence his culture uses to back up its claim of being flawed, and the narrator admits it only uses its own history. * topic of prophets and asks the narrator why Taker culture is so obsessed with prophets. Analysis- Mother Culture says humans do not know how to live, so they rely on prophets to tell them what to do. Ishmael foreshadows that the narrator is ready for the next step — to see the world through the Leavers eyes, rather than the Takers. Part 6 * Mother Culture would suggest that humans are above any law that applies to the rest of life on earth. * regardless of what Mother Culture says, the law of living applies, and that hell use the analogy of gravity and flight to explain. * Takers gods tricked the Takers in three ways: -the Takers not the center of the universe -humans evolved just like everything else, even though they feel above evolution. -not actually exempt from the laws of life. * even though it feels like flight, and Takers are accelerating toward a crash. Takers also see abandoned attempts at civilization (for example, the Mayans) but nonetheless believe that their attempt will survive because it has worked so far. Analysis -Taker culture: it is obedient to a law about living, but it is ignorant of that law and so is unable to see how its doomed to fail. -Newton discovered the law of gravity by observation. Ishmael also builds on this analogy to explain that the only way to understand what laws organisms must live by is by observing living organisms. -Mother Culture tells Takers that theyre above the laws of life, they too are in free fall, and eventually their civilization will also crash due to its inability to follow the laws of life. Part 7 * ishmael invites the narrator to imagine himself in a foreign land where everyone is happy * Through more questioning, the narrator discovers he has three guides with which to narrow down the law by which they live: -what makes their society successful what people in the society never do -what a person who has broken the law has done that the others never do. * species of creatures on the planet have followed this rule and prospered; it is only that when a portion of humans decided to abandon the law and live beyond it that Earths ecosystems were thrown out of balance. * He realizes that he doesnt want to complete this task, once hes learned Ishmaels lesson hell be left alone again. Analysis -Ishmaels analogy allows the narrator to better see how wildlife also follows similar rules and that Takers have tried to abandon such rules. -narrator is upset by this proposition as he realizes that, if hes successful, hell eventually no longer be Ishmaels pupil. -What will he become when hes no longer a student? Part 8 (1-6) * takes the narrator four days to figure out the basic laws of life. He returns to Ishmael on the fifth day with his findings. * He says the three basic rules. What they promote? -promotes diversity and survival for the community as a whole since it favors no species above the rest. * Ishmael-ecological principles, when food supplies increase, populations increase. Additionally, when population increases, food decreases and when food decreases, population decreases as well. * increasing populations leads to more and more groups of starving people among the population as a whole. Part 8 (7-10) * The American Heritage Book of Indians, and instructs him to look at the map. * narrator admits theres nothing stopping people from changing geographies, and this helps Ishmael make his key point: -there were cultural and territorial boundaries between the diverse tribes that lived in the Americas prior to the arrival of European settlers. * narrator feels hopeless; he thinks no one in Taker culture will be willing to kill off Mother Culture and try another way of life. * Ishmael helps the narrator see that the overarching law is that the world was made for many species to live on, not for one to dominate the rest. * Taker culture. They fill their lives with distractions and drugs to make up for the lack of satisfaction Analysis-Ishmael points out, people in Leaver cultures experience dramatically fewer cases of addiction and suicide. -Leaver culture might be a key way to change the destructive path Taker culture. Part 9 (1-8) * Taker culture took off with the beginning of the Agricultural Revolution and that it has been spreading ever since. * The Gods were arguing, whether which species should prosper.they decide to eat of the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil-soon they had godly power. * Gods were worried knew humans would be tempted to eat of the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil, and have godly powers too- so they forbid the tree. * story has always remained mysterious to Takers as it doesnt make sense why it should be forbidden. Analysis-explains the roles of gods and humans and the problems that occur when humans take on the role of the gods. -knowledge of the gods, which is the ability to determine what should live and what should die. -differences between the two is their cultural attitudes to the rest of life on the planet. Part 9 (9-11) * Taker destiny, they had to take land from the herders. Ishmael instructs the narrator to read the story of Cain and Abel to better understand how this expansion took shape. * Cain represents the Takers who must kill the Leavers (Abel) in order to expand agricultural production. -Cain and Abel arent actual brothers, but representatives of different human cultures. * Takers, through the spread of Christianity, came to adopt a tale that once was used to show their shortcomings as one of their own creation myths. Part 9 (12-17) * in order to understand why the Takers were invading their land and taking it from them, they had to figure out how they got to be the way they are. * the gods, upset with these Takers, had banished them from the garden of life, forcing these people to get their food through the hard work of farming. * Taker perspective, is not the right to have the knowledge of the gods, but the issue of disobedience-story makes much more sense when told from the Leavers perspective. Analysis- Ishmael helps the narrator to see how Leavers saw the Takers as cursed -Leavers saw the story of The Fall as the story of the Takers becoming cursed, the Takers saw it as the story of their growth -The Fall has evolved not to explain the formation of humans on earth, but the formation of a specific culture -Takers interpretation, he is punished for disobeying the gods, not for the knowledge he gained. Takers are able to make the story a tale of hope/tale of warning, as it is for the Leavers — Adam has eaten of the gods tree and thus must die. Part 10 (1-4) * sidetracked by work and a dental emergency, causing him to miss several days of meetings with Ishmael. * Ishmael got evicted. * Narrator finds Ishmael in a slideshow carnival. The narrator tries to help Ishmael, but Ishmael doesnt appreciate the narrator butting into his personal life. Analysis Ishmael is cold, distant, and wary of the narrators desire to fix the situation. -thru narrator and Ishmaels dispute. Ishmael learns to distrust humans benevolence and resents his dependency on the kindness of humans in order to have a decent life. Part 10 (5-9) * narrator defines culture as whats passed along from generation to generation. For Leaver cultures, culture has evolved since the start of the species and is passed down Analysis -Takers transmit knowledge of agricultural production over the centuries, constantly expanding and improving on the technology used to grow crops. -Leaver cultures transmit knowledge about living well and the way of life of a specific culture rather than the means of production. -Evolution to explain differences between leaver and taker cultures. -leaver cultural structure evolved allowing their cultural practices to adapt and support their livelihood in the environment in which they find themselves. -Taker Cultural structure responds to its cultural beliefs that man is made to rule the world and that everything in the culture is designed to bring the environment under humankind. Part 11 * Mother Culture-technological development * life before the Agricultural Revolution was horrible and that to live that way would be reprehensible. * narrator tells Ishmael that while he may have enough food, he doesnt have enough to free himself from the gods Analysis-If offered to go back to hunter-gatherer time- Taker society for that matter, would reject the offer because Mother Culture has taught him that such a lifestyle is intrinsically worse than Taker Culture. Part 12 (1-6) * Still imprisoned and sleepy, Ishmael asks narrator what happens to Leaver cultures that does not happen to Takers? * evolution is what happens because Leavers remain within the community of life. * removing themselves from the rules that govern life on earth, have removed themselves from evolution. * Man’s role on earth? a guide or role model — a figure that sets the standard for how self-aware, intelligent life-forms should act to benefit and promote biodiversity. Analysis-Taker culture has removed itself from the chain of evolution by living outside the ecological laws. -focused on the historical events that have resulted in the current state of human dominance on the Earth: environmental degradation -Humans should rethink their role to have a positive rather than negative impact on the worlds ecology Part 12 (7-12) * chapter two of the Leavers story-the issue of civilization. the attitude civilized nations have toward the world. * Ishmael tells him he must be a teacher, for humans minds must change before their actions will. * that all members of Taker culture are imprisoned by a destructive, unfulfilling way of life. And, like any prison, it has ways of distracting inmates so they dont notice the conditions. ANALYSIS -Ishmael suggests to the narrator, the only way to change peoples actions is to start with their minds. -Ishmael reminded the narrator of the ways Mother Culture hides the bars of her prison. -help his fellow prisoners see what binds them to their ecologically destructive way of life. Part 13 * Ishmael dies. Analysis – narrator regrets that his self absorption enabled him to see that Ishmael was sick. -With Gorilla Gone, Will There Be Hope for Man? contemplate what action should come next after such philosophical debate and discussion.

Consider The Theme Of Loneliness In The Novel Of Mice And Men. How :: English Literature

Consider The Theme Of Loneliness In The Novel Of Mice And Men. How Does It Affect The Characters? I will be looking at the theme of loneliness, how it effects the characters, how the scenes roll in with what's happening etc. When you read about George and Lennie you realise that they have a history. You think that they are a perfect pair. One is smart, aggressive, quick and looks out for the other (George) while the other one (Lennie) is slow, dumb, big, strong, kind, caring and needs to be looked out for. They fit together like a jigsaw. George and Lennie are the main characters and they are the only ones with the biggest dream - to get a big house with rabbits. That's what keeps them getting through the day. Their relationship together doesn't look close but it is. George once told Lennie to jump into a river. He did it and nearly drowned which I think showed George how much Lennie trusted him so Lennie thought that he would always be safe. Ever since then, George hasn't taken advantage of his power over Lennie. Two things drive their relationship. Their dreams, that keeps them going through the day and the fear of loneliness. Neither one of them wants to be alone nor so they fear it. Like when Lennie threatens to go into the cave alone and so therefore George fears and tries to keep him. George is a sharp man. His features are very precise and fixed. Each part of him is defined: small strong hands, slender arms and a thin bony nose. Steinbeck also says that he has restless eyes, which sometimes scares me because you get this picture in your head of tired open eyes. Steinbeck describes George like this so that he is the opposite of Lennie, which makes them opposite in every way. George's personality is a bit bad tempered. He's like Lennie's mother because he's always looking out for Lennie, which I guess makes him a caring person. He's also short tempered, as he gets agitated very easily, usually at Lennie. I think that the reason why George is so frustrated is because he has to put up with Lennie's stupidity all the time, which would make anyone frustrated. I guess you could call George friendly because he made friends with all of the people at the ranch except for Curley and his wife. He didn't make friends with them because being friends with them would cause trouble. That's a smart thing and being smart is another quality of George's personality. I think that by making George the opposite of Lennie, Steinbeck is

Local Fundraising :: essays research papers fc

Running an election campaign is very strenuous and time consuming. In many ways it is a balancing act. One must deal with maintaining public visibility, appealing to the voters, developing a platform, kissing disgusting babies, and meeting as many people as possible. However, one of the most important and difficult parts of the job is raising money. Money is necessary for all parts of the campaign, and without it, a campaign can grind to a halt. In this paper I will attempt to explain how a candidate gets the money to campaign.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first thing to do, whenever one runs for any office, is to check all local laws pertaining to elections and contributions. In any county, there often are obscure laws that affect a myriad of subjects, elections being among them. These laws usually state who can give money to whom and how much can be given by any one person or organization. Violating these laws may result in an automatic forfeiture. Another important step is to make sure that you, yourself, contribute to your own campaign. It does not have to be much, as many candidates do not come from wealthy backgrounds, but enough to show that you are serious about winning the election. After all, if you are not confident enough to contribute your own money, how can you expect others to contribute for you? The third step that many hopeful candidates use is to approach their friends and family for money. While some may be hesitant to do this, one expert, who curiously did not leave his name (Basic Fundraising, n.d.), says that this is important. Your friends and family should be asked, firstly, for the reason outlined in the preceding paragraph, and secondly because this is where a candidate gets much of his or her initial seed money. A viral approach, according to Garecht, should be used when asking associates for money (n.d.e). Ask your family and friends to ask all their family and friends, who should, in turn, ask all of their family and friends. Of course, not everyone will contribute, but by playing the percentages, a candidate can expect to receive thousands of dollars, even if he or she is not from a particularly affluent social circle. If a person is unwilling to contribute monetarily, ask if he would like to volunteer either his time or services, or even there lawn for use as signage.

Involvement and Involvement Factors When Buying a Computer

You should first have an idea of the type of computer you want. You should plan to purchase your new computer so that you can get a good product life out of your computer. It will be very disheartening to purchase a brand new computer only for you to get a small use out of it. You should purchase a computer for two or three years out; due to the rapid changes in the technology field. The next step should include finding a good store to purchase from. A general rule to remember is that computers are much cheaper if you buy them versus leasing one. If you are tight on cash, you would be better off leasing, as a better alternative.If the store you purchased your new computer from is overall helpful and friendly, you can expect great things if you have questions about your new computer purchase in the future. You should decide whether you want a laptop or a desktop computer. Desktop computers are much cheaper than laptop computers, about twice as much cheaper for some brands. If you are a business person and are always on the go, you should consider the purchase of a laptop computer. If you are a stay at home parent, a desktop computer would best fit your lifestyle. You should always invest in a good monitor.Monitors with a 17 inch screen or less causes you to squint a bit. You can either choose from a flat panel monitor or a tube type monitor. Flat panels don’t have the best image quality as tube type monitors have. However, tube type monitors take up a lot of space. They also tend to get blurry when they age, while flat panels won’t corrupt when they age. Networking is what makes the computer fun. Another key factor that you should consider while purchasing a computer is your Ethernet cords. Be sure to purchase a computer with 10/100/1000 Ethernet jack; as it is preferred by most computer lobbyist.You should also enable encryption codes to keep other people from hacking into your wireless internet. Another key involvement factor would be purchasing a warranty for your new computer. Extended warranties just make perfect sense when purchasing a new electronic device. They are excellent for big retailers and you should be sure to know about the coverage on your warranty, what it covers and what it doesn’t cover. I think apple has complicated things for the average consumer. I don’t feel as if the website broke down all of the products and services down to a tee.

Hall of Bulls essays

Hall of Bulls essays La Gran Sala de Toros es una obra de los a 10,000 BC creada por uno o varios autores annimos del Paleolà ­tico. Es una pintura de gran taman de una cueva en lo que se conoce hoy dà ­a como Lascaux, Francia. La escala de las pinturas sugiere que los artistas debieron haber utilizado escaleras de mano y andamios. Las fogatas a veces proveà ­an luz en las cuevas, pero ya en lo profundo de la cueva el artista debi necesitar una fuente porttil de luz por lo que se cree que lo mas utilizado fue algà ºn tipo de antorcha. Utilizaron pigmentos sacados de xidos de minerales, carbn de len con solo una simple mirada. Es como si entrramos a un mundo fantstico lleno de misterios y significados escondidos donde cada là ­nea y cada punto simboliza milenios y milenios de historia. El estilo de estas obras prehistricas es uno abstracto. Podemos encontrar un todo absoluto. Tambin se podrà ­a decir que estas pinturas son figurativas ya que la mayorà ­a de sus representaciones son animales y tambin tienen un aspecto no-figurativo ya que hay una existencia de signos y sà ­mbolos en ellas. La gran mayorà ­a de las pinturas en esta cueva representan animales, incluyendo caballos, venados rojos, toros y especies de animales hoy dà ­a extintos. Lo primero que notamos son los animales porque ellos se representan siempre con mayor tamas representaciones. En esta gran cmara de la cueva conocida como la Sala de los Toros, las pinturas representan figuras relativamente pequen dibujados de perfil, solo se muestran l...

Theoretical Understanding and Practical Applications of Marketing

Theoretical Understanding and Practical Applications of Marketing Introduction Marketing is an important organisational function that aims at informing potential consumers about the value of products and services. Strategic marketing requires the application of a successive marketing mix, which results in excellent sales of products of a business establishment (Kotler 2011; Menkveld 2013).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Theoretical Understanding and Practical Applications of Marketing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Improved product sales correlate positively with improved financial performance outcomes of companies. The marketing mix is a marketing approach that seeks to promote the sales of products based on key elements like segmentation, positioning and targeting (Kotler 2011). This paper discusses the theoretical frameworks and practical applications of segmentation, positioning and targeting in the context of a marketing mix designed for products in the fashion for women in dustry. Segmentation From a theoretical standpoint, segmentation is a marketing strategy that focuses on dividing product markets on the premises of some attributes associated with targeted customers (Weinstein 2013). Such customers should have common priorities. In theory, market segmentation could adopt product differentiation or holistic approaches that aim at improving consumer knowledge about products or services of a business organisation (Weinstein 2013). In order for the market to be divided based on consumer attributes, marketers should analyse essential data that could be used to give facts in the context of the targeted markets. The segmentation theory holds that a good market should be: Measurable. Large. Supportive with regard to promotion and distribution of products Homogenous with regard to internal characteristics, which imply that customers in specific market segments should have similar behaviours towards products. Characterised by external heterogeneity that imp lies that consumers outside a segment should have different customer needs. Practical applications of the segmentation model would involve dividing the targeted market based on a number of factors (Weinstein 2013).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More First, the women’s fashion industry would be divided on the premises of geographic criteria (Fiore, Lee Kunz 2004). The criteria could involve regions, countries and postal codes, among others. An excellent segmentation should be practically utilised to identify the attributes of customers based on their locations (Fiore et al 2004). Second, it would be important to divide the market on the premises of the ages, ethnicities and levels of income. Research shows that customers in different groups have different purchasing behaviours (Weinstein 2013). For example, older women would tend to buy different fashion produ cts from those preferred by younger women (Fiore et al 2004). In addition, the potential of the market to produce good sales would be determined by the income levels of potential customers. Third, lifestyle segmentation of markets would be practically determined through the study of customer activities and opinions with regard to womens fashion products. For example, the analysis could consider how women spend their leisure and their opinions about certain products. Thus, the practical application of lifestyle segmentation would classify customers based on their personal attributes such as activities and preferences (Weinstein 2013). From a personal standpoint, segmentation of markets is an essential approach that could be utilised to identify the right market segments that could support excellent sales of womens fashion products.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Theoretical Understanding and Practical Applications of Marketing specifically for you for onl y $16.05 $11/page Learn More Targeting Targeting in a marketing strategy is a crucial component of a marketing strategy, which focuses on directing efforts towards specific market targets (Aktas, Kaya Ãâ€"zlale 2010). Targeting in a marketing mix is supported by the theory that customers are distinguishable by specific characteristics in the market (Weinstein 2013). Theoretically, targeting markets is based on the following parameters: Socioeconomic factors such as occupation, level of education and level of income. Customer behavioural factors such as events and degrees of loyalty with regard to the products and services offered by business establishments. Psychographic attributes such as values and lifestyles. Product-based factors such as opinions about a product. The practical application of targeting with regard to the products in the women fashion industry would adopt several approaches (Weinstein 2013). First, marketers of fashion products could choose to ignore various market segments and focus on the whole market with the goal of achieving excellent sales outcomes through the art of persuasion. Second, differentiated marketing strategy could be used to market womens fashion products, which would be focused on specific market segments. From a personal point of view, this strategy of targeting a market aims at achieving good results from multiple segments. Third, marketers promoting womens fashion items could adopt direct marketing, which focuses on very specific market segments that are identified through the analysis of the data in consumer databases (Christopher, Payne Ballantyne 2013). For example, the approach could be utilised to identify segments that could have the best sales with regard to beauty items such as perfumes.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Practically, market targeting would be achieved through the application of the following five processes: Selection of the target audience. Consumers could be categorised on the basis of their similar needs and expected benefits with regard to specific products. Identification of subgroups of customers based on attributes such as lifestyles, spending behaviours and demographics. Application of valuation approaches. The valuation strategies would help to learn about market growth trends, market accessibility, barriers to entry, and levels of switching, among others. Testing the identified market targets. All targets are assessed to determine their levels of attractiveness about the strategic positioning of products. All other factors kept constant, the segments that have the highest levels of attractiveness would be selected. Modification of the marketing mix. This step requires that all elements the marketing mix be considered in order to conduct a holistic assessment about the stra tegic positioning of products. Thus, it has been demonstrated that targeting of markets is a crucial component of the marketing mix that could result in the identification of customer clusters, which could lead to a gain of a significant share by business organisations specialising in womens fashion products. Positioning Positioning involves identification of market opportunities and the establishment of approaches that could be used to occupy market niches. Theoretically, positioning is based on the utilisation of the principles of the marketing mix, which include the use of efficient ways of promoting, pricing, distributing, and competing with regard to products. It has been argued that positioning could be used to establish a unique impression in the consumers mind about a product (Mykletun, Crotts Mykletun 2001). If a consumer has good opinions about a product, then he or she could be purchasing the product. Mykletun and colleagues (2001) assert that the goal of product positi oning in the market is to occupy segments that could generate excellent revenues. In order to succeed, the product should be characterised by a positioning concept, which would enable it to outdo the performance of similar products in a competitive market. The positioning should analyse the benefits of a product to consumers (Uysal, Chen Williams 2000). Thus, it focuses on the emotional benefits that customers could have through purchasing such a product. Theoretically, a positioning concept leads to the development of a positioning statement that helps to articulate the target market with regard to customer needs. Positioning could be used by business organisations that focus on differentiation to outdo their competitors. For example, a firm that deals with women’s fashion products could concentrate on offering the least expensive products in the market (Chen Uysal 2002; Uysal et al 2000). With regard to the practical application of positioning to establish a good market f or womens fashion products, the marketing team would focus on reviewing theoretical approaches that focus on strategic positioning of products in the market. Practical application of positioning would involve the following: Identification of a products competitors and understanding the targeted market with regard to customer purchasing behaviour. Identification of market dimensions that could define the extent to which product would be sold in the market. Gathering the right market data about customers through sampling techniques. Assessing the level of a product’s space. Determining the combination of market characteristics that could lead to an excellent positioning of the product. Establishing a link between the goods and the targeted market. Practically, the positioning of womens fashion products would focus on two concepts. First, it would adopt functional positions, which would aim at offering women fashion products that would be of many benefits to them. Second, symb olic positions with regard to womens fashion products would be established to focus on ego identification and self-images of potential female customers. Conclusion In conclusion, positioning of the women’s fashion products would greatly improve the chances of excellent revenues of the company. The adoption of the right approaches for product positioning would enable the company to identify product niches in the market. Targeting, positioning and segmentation are essential aspects that should be analysed in order to achieve a successful marketing mix. A marketing mix would be utilised to help firms gain competitive advantage. References Aktas, Z, Kaya, N, Ãâ€"zlale, ÃÅ", 2010, ‘Coordination between monetary policy and fiscal policy for an inflation targeting emerging market’, Journal of International Money and Finance, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 123-138. Chen, JS, Uysal, M, 2002, ‘Market positioning analysis: A hybrid approach’, Annals of Tourism Researc h, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 987-1003. Christopher, M, Payne, A, Ballantyne, D, 2013, Relationship marketing. Routledge, London, United Kingdom. Fiore, AM, Lee, SE, Kunz, G, 2004, ‘Individual differences, motivations, and willingness to use a mass customization option for fashion products’, European Journal of Marketing, vol. 38, no. 7, pp. 835-849. Kotler, P, 2011, ‘Reinventing marketing to manage the environmental imperative’, Journal of Marketing, vol. 75, no. 4, pp. 132-135. Menkveld, AJ, 2013, ‘High frequency trading and the new market makers, Journal of Financial Markets, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 712-740. Mykletun, RJ, Crotts, JC, Mykletun, A, 2001, ‘Positioning an island destination in the peripheral area of the Baltics: a flexible approach to market segmentation’, Tourism Management, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 493-500. Uysal, M, Chen, JS, Williams, DR, 2000, ‘Increasing state market share through a regional positioning’, Tourism Ma nagement, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 89-96. Weinstein, A, 2013, Handbook of market segmentation: Strategic targeting for business and technology firms, Routledge, London, United Kingdom.

How to Develop, Organize, and Plan Instruction

How to Develop, Organize, and Plan Instruction Good planning is the first step to an effective classroom, and one of the six main teacher tasks that excellent teachers must master. A well-planned class reduces stress on the teacher and helps minimize disruptions. When teachers know what they need to accomplish and how they are going to do it, they have a better opportunity to achieve success with the added benefit of less stress. Further, when students are engaged during the entire class period, they have less opportunity to cause disruptions. Obviously, the demeanor of the teacher, the quality of the lesson, and the method of delivery all play into an effective day in class. With that said, it all starts with a good plan. Steps for Planning Instruction Look over the state and national standards and your texts and supplemental materials to determine what concepts you must cover in the year. Make sure to include any required test preparation material. Use this to create a plan of study for your course.Create a personalized lesson plan calendar. This will help you visualize and organize your instruction.Plan your units using your overall plan of study and your calendar.Create detailed unit lesson plans. These should include the following items to be effective:ObjectivesActivitiesTime estimatesRequired materialsAlternatives- Make sure to plan for those students who might be absent during your activities.Assessment- This includes classwork, homework, and tests  Transfer your broad unit plan to a planning book to keep yourself organized. This will help with implementation and focus. This is where all the unit plans come together to give you a broader picture of the year.Write a daily lesson outline and agenda. The details included will differ depending how detailed you wish to be. Some teachers create a simple outline with times attached to help keep them on track while others include detailed notes and written information. At a bare minimum, you should have an agenda prepared for yourself and your students so that you appear organized and you make smooth transitions. It is very easy to lose student attention as you search for the page that you want them to read or fumble through a stack of papers. Create and/or gather any required items. Make handouts, overheads, lectures notes, manipulatives, etc. If you are going to start each day with a warm-up, then have this created and ready to go. If your lesson requires a movie or item from the media center, make sure that you put in your request early so that you are not disappointed on the day of your lesson. Planning for the Unexpected As most teachers realize, interruptions and unexpected events often occur in class. This might range from pulled fire alarms and unexpected assemblies to your own illnesses and emergencies. Therefore, you should create plans that will help you deal with these unexpected events. Create mini-lessons to help fill up any time that might be left at the end of a class period. Even the best teachers are sometimes left with extra time. Instead of just letting students talk, use this time for extra instruction or possibly educational fun. Further, if an unexpected assembly is called leaving you with just 15 minutes of instruction, these lessons can be a godsend.Emergency lesson plans are a necessity for all teachers. If you cannot make it to school at the last minute or have to leave to deal with a personal emergency, you need to leave lesson plans to help your substitute. This combined with your substitute folder is important to help your classroom continue to function without you.

Choctaw Indians Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Choctaw Indians - Essay Example in the Mississippi is comprised of ten communities such as Pearl River, Red Water, Bogue Chitto, Standing Pine, Tucker, Conehatta, Crystal Ridge, and Bogue Homa while the other two located off the Mississippi are on Ripley, Tennessee and the Attala Property. On the other hand, the Choctaws in Oklahoma occupy ten and o ­ne-half counties in the southeastern part of Oklahoma. Their territories are bounded on the north by the South Canadian, Canadian and Arkansas Rivers; the east of their territory is the State of Arkansas, while o ­n the south they are bounded by the Red River. To date, both tribes have a government structures similar to a democratic nation. They both have an Executive, Legislative and Judicial government branches. The Tribal Chief holds the Executive office with judicial authority. The Tribal Council has the Legislative powers of the government. Originating from Mississippi, the Choctaw Indians belong to the Muskhogean family along with the Chickasaws, the Alabama-Koasatis, the Apalachees, the Creeks, the Seminoles, and the Hitchiti-Mikasukis. They were all descendants of the Paleo-Indians. The Paleo-Indians were believed to be the first occupants of North America. These ancestors hunt and farm for their subsistence much similar to how the Choctaws subsist. Another view on the origin of the Choctaws is accounted on their oral history. Two stories have been passed on through generations of Choctaws. The first one tells of how the Choctaws were created along with the other tribes while the second one spotlights how the Choctaws were lead to live in Mississippi. Both stories involve the Nanih Waiya which symbolizes the divine elements mentioned in the stories. Relatively, as shown on the Choctaws’ belief in their stories of origin, reflects their religious nature. Their belief in supernatural beings can be seen in their literary works. Choctaws before the Europeans came, believed in a god named Aba. Along with this god are the good and bad

Properties of Materials Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Properties of Materials - Essay Example According to a survey that was carried out by our firm, we realized that many instances windows were severely damaged. Upon keenly studying the damages, it was realized that it was partly due to environmental factors and partly due to poor maintenance. The damages on the widows caused variations in geometric configuration, composition, porosity and adherence of corrosion products. They also cause environmental pollution and humidity and temperature variations. 2.0 BACKGOUND TO THE STUDY Timber has commonly been used in making window frames, because of its accessibility and ease of processing. It has the lowest thermal conductivity compared to other frame materials. Among the commonly used wood species for window frames are redwood, pine and cedar. Wood can be negatively changed by moisture, which can cause its warping or twisting. This fact makes it a mandatory practice to paint timber windows after a specified duration of time like five years. Another material that has been recently used for window frames is a synthetic material called Polyvinyl chloride (PVC). It is made up of a chain of repeating units of vinyl chloride. PVC comprises of chlorine, carbon, and hydrogen. The PVC exhibit varying characteristics that try to incorporate different additives considered beneficial for the window frames. In order to reduce brittleness, plasticizers may be added as additives in order to improve the processing. This helps to protect against were and tear coursed by natural agents as solar radiation. PVC windows incorporate reinforcement that aids in increasing rigidity. In turn the reinforcement increases the windows thermal conductivity. These windows are suitable and withstand the harsh environment presented by polluted air and saline conditions; their property of high thermal conductivity plays an important role in these hash environments. However, ultraviolet (UV) radiation on PVC breaks its molecular bonds, resulting in increased brittleness (Taylor, 2000). 2.1 Th e likely causes of the damages observed Since every material has its own degradation parameters, the environmental factors affecting the materials, and the intensity of these degradation factors, differ from material to material. For example, timber and PVC can undergo biological attacks but aluminum has no such threats. Some of the likely causes of the damages are: structural movement or stump subsidence in the main frame, expansion of the joints between elements and shrinkage or loose fitting in grooves which causes a problem of rattling windows, moisture penetration, weathering or decay, the normal wear and tear, loose hinges and screws and mold and algae caused by airborne spores, which settle on the surface. It also causes any exterior plastic products to go grey over time. 2.2 Remedial remedies Some of the remedial remedies could be: where the timber has deteriorated and has decayed, the repair could require re-fitting segments of the frame(s) using mortise and tenon joints. C omplete replacement of the damaged sash should also be considered, cracked, split or broken frames in the window sometimes may be repairable using wood adhesives and clamps, rusted and/or ineffective screws on fittings could be replaced, in some cases, by slightly larger diameter screws, by parallel thread metal tread or by longer screws which are non-corroding, one could also consider removing the damaged/rusted area of wood round the

Political action Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Political action - Essay Example Firstly, by joining a national citizen activist group called Americans for Responsible Solutions, the intention was to take head on the influential gun lobbyist in terms of their coverage and resources. This involved constantly getting on the phone and email to contact legislators, engaging in online discussions, blogs, as well as twitter communications. The objective was to act serenely and rationally in order to make the legislators understand that there will be electoral repercussions of not voting for meaningful gun control measures. Secondly, before the congressional votes on existing plans took place, there was massive and coordinated booking of appointments from the representatives and senators office. The intention was to let them know the feelings and emotions driving genuine gun control measures. Thirdly, protest march also formed a major aspect of demanding meaningful legislation, and with the support of citizen activist groups referred to as Washington CeaseFire, protest marches and demonstrations were organized near Capitol Hill and state legislators’ buildings to commemorate victims while demanding legislative responses so as to transform the tears into concrete action. Furthermore, television ads urging Congress to take steps without delay were prepared from state to state, and this involves contributing amount s even less than $5 per person. Signing of online petitions calling for enactment of gun laws was meant at augmenting social media campaign as it is a useful resource for dealing with anticipated counter-petition (Carroll, 20). Hence, lawmakers should be made to understand that assault weapons or any high-capability ammunition magazines, does not have any place in the streets and communities The key issue driving such approaches is that the loopholes within current gun ownership and registration laws have enabled criminals and individuals with suicidal mental health to acquire

Recording music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Recording music - Essay Example Technology has today simplified the work in the music industry. It is easier for a producer to produce high-quality music without the use of instruments. Music producers in most cases are competent composers or songwriters who can constantly inject new ideas into a project (Landy, 2013). He or she will often select and suggest to the mixing engineer what to record, edits and modifies the songs with software tools. This creates a stereo of all the artists’ voices and instruments to produce a high-quality soundtrack. The composers must be, therefore, communicative and meaningful in their music. She talked about Nyman’s process music, an audible or concealed process to the listeners. This is a very dynamic and highly complex process that involves audible structures in musical performance. The chance determination limits the composer’s powers in determining the materiality. This means that one can take an idea, put it through the process and wait for the outcome, which the ideas will generate by itself (Nyman, 2000). The process gives the performers a chance to move through the suggested or given material at their speed, useful for the in-depth understanding of the whole idea.It also helps in the detailed understanding of what was not understood during the first listening thus making recording more relevant. The presenter also encouraged the use of technology to capture or record musical ideas with an aim of repeated listening to manipulate, recreate, recycle and cannibalize these ideas in order to produce quality stereo.

What does Sartre mean by the claim existence procedes essence Essay

What does Sartre mean by the claim existence procedes essence - Essay Example Moreover, the word can be interpreted as meaning that not every item that matches its essence. A good example is that the essence of a bicycle is that it has two wheels and people cycle on it. However, one might have a bicycle with three wheels or that no one cycle on it. Hence, the real details of a specific bicycle make its existence. Besides, depending on the cultural practices of a particular group of people, what one culture can define to be good does not necessarily have to be good or complete with the other group for the item or object of judgment may differ (Sayer 24). When analyzing something it is vital to consider its existence before examining its qualities. Essence being an aspect of human life should be dealt with after the basic fact that is existence is critically considered. Even, though Sartre asserts that we need first to think about the mystery of a man very existence, this statement does not underrate existence and therefore, essence comes after existence (Sayre 25). In conclusion, a personality is built by the choice a person engages in not by exact purpose or predetermined model. Since humankind is unbounded hence one can define him/herself (Sayer 27). This means that in life, one is responsible in shaping his or her character and achievement one aspires to get. Sartre claims that the real thing becomes essentially after something is made to exist or manufactured. Therefore for something to be of the essence it must first have to exist but not

Recording music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Recording music - Essay Example Technology has today simplified the work in the music industry. It is easier for a producer to produce high-quality music without the use of instruments. Music producers in most cases are competent composers or songwriters who can constantly inject new ideas into a project (Landy, 2013). He or she will often select and suggest to the mixing engineer what to record, edits and modifies the songs with software tools. This creates a stereo of all the artists’ voices and instruments to produce a high-quality soundtrack. The composers must be, therefore, communicative and meaningful in their music. She talked about Nyman’s process music, an audible or concealed process to the listeners. This is a very dynamic and highly complex process that involves audible structures in musical performance. The chance determination limits the composer’s powers in determining the materiality. This means that one can take an idea, put it through the process and wait for the outcome, which the ideas will generate by itself (Nyman, 2000). The process gives the performers a chance to move through the suggested or given material at their speed, useful for the in-depth understanding of the whole idea.It also helps in the detailed understanding of what was not understood during the first listening thus making recording more relevant. The presenter also encouraged the use of technology to capture or record musical ideas with an aim of repeated listening to manipulate, recreate, recycle and cannibalize these ideas in order to produce quality stereo.

A summery of Blue ocean strategy book Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A summery of Blue ocean strategy book - Essay Example If one has to compete with other industries, they will have to suffer losses and campaigns that could drain them or turn their survival mode on. The book consists of five parts which describe in detail the processes of excelling in business and forming new strategies. The starting section outlines the most important parts of the blue ocean strategy and the importance of forming a low costing evaluation. It derives the concept of ‘value innovation’ in which it is essential and vital to come up with something different than others to that the attention and worth of the product increases despite the cost which it is at – even though the cost should be low so that the product isn’t extremely expensive. The market is always up for something different at not a very high price because then everyone is bound to give it a try. And with the population around in billions, creating a small fortune won’t be that hard. The second part entails how the blue ocean strategy was created. The first principal is to come up with something of which there should be no competition so that the market space is open and unchallenged. It tells to focus on the bigger picture, to dream big and not to just settle for small profits because that is how good business is done. The risk is always there of course but the blue ocean strategy helps in forming the courage to take that risk, especially if there is enough confidence in the idea or the product. The risk that comes up with business is the third part. The scheme and plan with which a strategy is formed has to follow the six principles first. They are good in ensuring an effective and a relatively safe way to start a business. First things first, the formulated plan has to make sense to everyone. Then there are the customers who will not buy the product that have to be unlocked by the three tiers. Following is to know what market is friendly and to make

Confrontational level Essay Example for Free

Confrontational level Essay Shown by Helens sheer lack of thought for her daughter Jo, she has no consideration for her feelings. She continually ensures the suppression of her daughter and at one stage has the audacity to express this on a confrontational level. I have to consider something far more important than your feelings.(Pg 1)  This is further confirmation of Helens severe disrespect and heartlessness towards her daughter. An attitude which stemmed from her initial rejection to motherhood and forthcoming child. She blames Jo for her divorce-her birth being the event that revealed Helens unfaithfulness to the husband she described as a retard. In my judgement, she has not learnt to handle her problems and take full responsibility for her immoral doings. This has proven very costly in both her and her daughters lives. Cathies mothers consideration for her can be described as the other end of the extreme. Her calm, quiet approach to the situation reveals how valuable she sees their relationship; enough not to be damaged in a way that Helen made possible.  The fact that Helen doesnt know much about her daughter and Cathies mother feels she knows her daughter is of significance in their relationship. Helens reaction to Jos personal drawings was one of shock, yet pleasant surprise. I didnt realise I had such a talented daughter.  This demonstrates not only the fact that she hasnt spent quality time learning and bonding with her daughter, but the sad reality that Helen hasnt desired to. Prior to the above quote, Helen implied that she expected her daughter to tell her everything about herself she has a right to know.  I thought you said you werent good at anything  Here, we see that Helen has just taken Jos word for the matter; she has simply accepted it and not bothered to know otherwise.  The fact that some daughters are able to talk to their mothers about boyfriends/relationships shows the closer friendship a mother and daughter can share. Helen didnt know whether or not Jo ad a boyfriend, and this mirrors the lack of confidence Jo has in Helen as a Mother, let alone a friend. Helen doesnt seem to possess A Mothers Fondness the built-in, unconditional, love and interest a Mother has in the welfare of their child. On the other hand, Cathies mother feels that she knows her child all too well. She is confident that her daughter wouldnt understand her if she showed she was angry:   I knew that she would not see my anger, as love for her  The Mothers maternal instincts lead her to believe something was not right when her daughter didnt arrive home on time. This shows that Cathie is respectful of her Mothers wishes to be home on time. Her mother is familiar with her character and feels she knows her. She says:  she would have poured to tell me if she was going away anywhere.  When each Mother-daughter relationship begins to encounter difficulty, the Mothers react differently. Cathies Mum blames herself for her daughters behaviour. She is fully aware of her parental responsibilities/duties. She knows that her actions have a deep impact on her daughter and their relationship status. I had failedit was my fault she was as she was. I had brought myself pain.  The Mother distinguishes the problem and wants to make amends to their estranged relationship. She does her best to prevent yet another hurtful row and keeps silent; praying it wont happen again.  Helen however, (as mentioned previously) doesnt spare a single thought for her daughters feelings. She quite willingly expresses her thoughts and emotions in a rude and obnoxious manner and openly declares that she is not responsible for her daughter or their situation.  Have I ever laid claim to being a proper mother.  This quote shows that she is not hypocritical about herself, which in a way is a good thing. However, there is nothing positive about Helens approach to motherhood. Unlike Cathies Mother who blames herself, Helen points her finger at Jo:  Its your fault In act__scene__, Helen attempts to justify her reasons for neglecting Jo.  QUOT   The way in which the daughters are portrayed in the text differ in that so much sympathy is evoked in the audience for Jo. She has had to live her life and grow up without a true Mother. She has not had someone to look up to, someone to show her love and be a backbone, especially during the time of adolescence. The atmosphere at the flat is one of hopelessness, tension and distress, which is why we feek sirr for her. SETTING ON STAGE In A Mothers Fondness we sympathise with the Mother as she cares so much for her daughter who feels as if she doesnt.  Despite the many differences in each mother-daughter relationship, there are also many similarities. One of which is the way both daughters use some form of escapism to avoid facing up to their problems. When Cathie learned that her mum had been everywhere looking for her, she asked her friend Elaine if she could stay and not return home. She had missed two busses and expected that her mum would be very upset with her. She would be furiousThis meant another row.  Elaine, I dont want to go home. Cant I stay here?  It is evident from this quote that Cathie would rather remain with her friend, away from home and the prospect of another argument with her mother. This teaches the audience that the disagreements she had with her mother were emotionally very damaging she couldnt bear another instance wherein she and her mother were on bad terms.  Unlike Cathie, Jo recites nursery rhymes for fun with Geoff. This can be read into and analysed in a psychological sense: the nursery rhymes bring her laughter, which aids in transporting her to the childhood she never enjoyed. You look like a spratt. Jack Spratt, whod eat no fat, his wife would eat no lean and so between then both, you see, they licked the platter clean. Did u enjoy that dramatic recitation? (pg51)  Her question at the end prompts a positive response from Geoff who doesnt want to deflate her cheerful mood. She encourages that he joins in, wanting someone to play with as it were.  You say one We can imagine that this was said with a happy expectant look upon her face. Geoff then proceeds to recite another rhyme and upon completion, she expresses how much she enjoyed it: I like that. Do you know any more?  Jo is keen that this playful, childlike interaction between them continues. She gets much more out of it than would any other average person. The fun factor and distraction nursery rhymes brought about were doing her good she was not dwelling upon thoughts of her broken family.  Both Jo and Cathie feel as though they are not receiving enough care and attention they want to feel loved. This is another similarity found in each relationship. During the car journey Cathie and her mother made home, they remained silent (as previously highlighted). Though most other teens resent the fact that in the same situation, their mums would talk endlessly about how worried they were and so on, Cathie would rather that was the case. I was angryshe was acting as if nothing had happenedShe simply didnt care about me  In any relationship, it is important that there is balance between certain factors. Cathie and her mum are at one end of the extreme maintaining their silence no fuss. This is the absolute opposite to Jo and Helen who are at the other end of the extreme.  In Jos case, she threatens to jump out of the window in order to determine whether or not Helen cares about her. She wants to hear someone does actually care for her. Her desperation and longing for love is made evident in her dramatic actions. Jo is aware that the concept of actions speaking louder than words is never going to be a reality for her. Therefore she resorts to grabbing any ounce of love Helen had to offer her even it was mere words. This attention seeking is to be expected from Jo, as Helen never really gave Jo a mothers love. We can be certain that a lack of communication is common within each relationship. Weve seen how Cathies mother found it difficult to express her upset to her daughter and visa versa. We also know that the effects of this were negative: Cathie felt that her mother didnt care for her, and her mother felt that Cathie hated her. The two of them are alike in that they pretend that everything is ok between them when there are clearly important issues to be tackled and discussed. It is important that each mother and daughter feel they can talk to each other on a mature and serious level. At times, we see Jo making attempts to do so. However, Helen does not respond to this very well and is constantly changing the subject showing her inability to listen to her daughter.

Pros And Cons Of Globalization For Singapore

Pros And Cons Of Globalization For Singapore Globalization is defined as a network of connections between different organizations and people across nations, geographic and cultural borders and boundaries. These global networks are creating a shrinking world where local differences and national boundaries are being consumed into global identities. Over the past few decades, inter-connection between countries has been increasing. Nations in addition to opening their doors towards trade and economic growth are also becoming acquainted to other beliefs and cultures around the world. On the flip side, from a negative view, our recent global recession, what started as an in house problem within the United States housing market, became a world problem affecting nations and regions all over, proving that the world has become a smaller place with problems in one region affecting others as well, due to the close interconnected world that we live in. The number of natural calamities and terrorist attacks are increasing in todays world, ca using different nations coming together in times of need to help the affected, which is also a good example of how the world is coming together to form a unison. Globalization has changed us into a company that searches the world, not just to sell or to source, but to find intellectual capital the worlds best talents and greatest ideas. (Jack Welch, 1935) The Origin of Globalization stems from the Industrial Revolution, which was the biggest turning point in the history of mankind. Inventions in terms of manufacturing, technology, transport and other fields took place. The sudden changes led to the Revolution, affecting the lifestyle of people and changing it in many ways. It helped to bring about the modern world we live in today along with improvements in technology as we move on. During the industrial revolution there were large drops in prices of commodities, making products more affordable to the middle and lower classes as well. With newer inventions, the quality of life improved. This in turn led to more opportunities and the search for newer sources of raw materials and commodities for manufacturing. Hence people moved to different nations in this search and it led to the world partition between World War 1 and World War 2. A massive number of independent states and countries emerged and in-order to grow economically a lot of these independent nations kept contacts with the ex-colonizers. New markets and raw materials were established by these colonizers for manufacturing which led to the concept of Westernization/ Internationalization. Globalization helped people migrate to developing countries where labour was cheap and raw materials were in abundance. This explained the rapid growth of certain economies which made them super powers and which continue to grow exponentially. With this growth came the birth of big cities and as they grew, more people were lured to these cities thus increasing their growth. This movement to big cities created Urbanization. With Globalization and Urbanization the question to be asked is, Is the effect of Globalization in Singapore aiding in the growth of an International Hub or diminishing the cultural heritage of the Island? Singapore is a good example when spoken about globalization. After separating from Malaysia and going through the Cold War, Singapore today comes under the 3rd world group of countries and First world in South East Asia with very good economic growth. Singapore reconstructed itself and rose politically and economically. Also being a very small nation with no natural resources of its own they have looked to grow in different ways than most other nations. Due to its small size, Globalization has had a greater impact in Singapore than other nations. Being an export and import market and with its burgeoning sea port and airport, it has created a hub in the South-East region. In order to differentiate itself from its neighboring countries and taking full advantage of Globalization, it welcomes a lot of foreign investors and Multi National Companies (MNCs) to invest in their country in order to compete and survive in the world. As a result, Singapore has had to inherit a multi-cultural and cosmopolitan society. The immigrants from the period of Urbanization has given the place a mix of cultures with predominantly the Chinese, Malay, and Indians, with some European influences, all inter-mingling with one another. Different races predominantly lived in different areas and are living proof with the likes of the streets of Chinatown, the Muslim Characteristics in Arab Street and the different ambience in Little India along Serangoon Road. We are part of a long civilization and we should be proud of it. We should not be assimilated by the West and become a pseudo-western society. We should be a nation that is uniquely multiracial and Asian, with each community proud of its traditional culture and heritage. (Mr Goh Tong ,1988) The few British colonized Neo-Classical buildings, along with the inter-mingling cultures make Singapore a strong heritage location with a multi-racial and diverse cultural society. And in this day and age, Singapore gets a huge economical help from the Tourism sector every year. It attracts millions of tourist a year, especially from all over Asia offering not only a modernized city with its abundance of shopping, but also lush greenery with beautiful nature all over the city. Its nature walks, botanical gardens, bird parks, zoo and man-made beach brings one closer to nature. Singapore has always focused in increasing their tourism sector by having Food Festivals, Singapore Shopping festivals, and Art Festivals which are required as a great number of tourists visit Malaysia, followed by Thailand and their last stop being Singapore. A few Art festivals that are held are the famous Chingay Parade which is a Traditional Chinese New Year procession which evolved to become a street parad e, showing off an array of dancers and street floats, inviting performers from different countries. Another big scale festival is the Singapore Biennale which displays art works of various artists from various parts of the world. However with the tremendous benefits of Globalization there are issues which arise as well. As Singapore continues to grow annually at great lengths, with it come certain cultural issues. To sustain this growth the nation must open its doors to the world and invite and encourage foreigners from various regions to the land. This creates greater competition amongst locals and foreigners all competing for the limited slots in this relatively small nation. Through this competition everyone needs to work harder and increases stress levels among the people which in turn create the falling fertility ratios seen today even though the government is doing its best to encourage its citizens to have more babies and increase the population of the locals. This problem will slowly but surely lead to the eradication of the local indigenous people of Singapore and will only increase its cosmopolitan and multi-racial society. Locals will no longer feel a sense of belonging to the land in which they we re born and brought up and this will lead to resentment and frustrations. The complexity and range of the challenges facing Singapore has increased, with greater global economic and socio- political tension as a result of conflict and competition. There are numerous issues globally including climate change, bioethics, ideological trends that will have a major impact on the future of Singapore. As our nation progresses, our unique Singaporean identity, shared values and heritage will be our greatest resource to ensure that Singapore remains Home, regardless of where we are. ( Lui Tuck Yew, 2008) The main issues that need to be addressed are the awareness of peoples very own culture and heritage, not only to the locals but also to the tourist and immigrants as well. Looking at the rapid transformation in Singapore, heritage and culture serve as a stable connection for the citizens to their heart and soul. The only evident culture that is seen in Singapore on a daily basis is the food culture that they have maintained from the very beginning. For example, Hawker Centres provide food that is extremely affordable and also provides the ambience of eating in a large communal sense. But that is as far as a cultural experience one will get. Hence steps should be taken to infuse the true cultural heritage of Singapore not only within the tourism sector but also among the present and future generations. Even the Singapore Tourism Board (STB) is taking steps to rejuvenate and restore Haw Par Villa. Before Haw Par Villa was turned into a theme park in 1990, it was an iconic place, like the Merlion in Marina South, which many Singaporeans and visitors felt they should visit. Countless statues and dioramas on Chinese legends and folklore were displayed there. Unfortunately when it was turned into a theme park with commercial interests in mind, many of its attractions were removed or relocated, much to the disappointment of many people who revisited the place after it was renovated. It was to be a place where one could learn and appreciate Chinese culture and Confucian values. But now the place is a Ghost town with few if not any visitors. (Dr Lee Woon Kwang, 2011) In the whole development of the social and economic growth the need for museums was forgotten. Museums are a good place to promote your culture and heritage awareness, to grow a culture of galleries, displaying information to people to visit and learn the history. They are the windows to the world and play a special role in introducing audiences to the diverse culture and societies around the world. The government is taking measures towards the development of more museums as it draws more and more people and tourists. Singapore in terms of art design is a growing nation. A few competitions are held in trying to get all the design schools to participate and getting the younger generations to take interest in art and culture. A Museum is a globalised platform of spreading design around the globe. Over the decades people have opened their minds to the idea of visiting galleries and museums. With the era of globalization, came the opportunity of collaborating and connecting the rest of the world to different ideas on design from various artists. Not every Singaporean will have a chance to visit the Louvre Museum in Paris to view these exhibits in their lifetime. Bringing the exhibits here will enable Singaporeans, both young and old, as well as the underprivileged to enjoy and come face to face with Greek culture and history (Ms Yap Su-Yin) Conclusion Also with this rapid increase of Globalization, we see a very new and different skyline. Competition among the best cities of the world instigates the rapid building of newer structures. Although certain heritage sites are being preserved, most of the older buildings are torn down to make way for new and trendy buildings. All this creates a loss of the history and heritage of the country. No doubt one must change to improve and grow but at what cost? A very careful balance must be attained between merging the past and present, or else with Globalization on the rise the sense of belonging will be lost forever. It is very important to save and protect your cultural heritage at the right time before it is too late and is lost. Singapore being a hub and a growing nation, the need for museums and galleries is very important to connect and see the rest of the world through their perspective, not only in the form of historic buildings and architecture but traditions and identity unified in authentic yet inspiring ways to capture the essence of the communitys values and mixed cultures. With the measures taken by the government Singapore will target its aim of being the biggest Exhibition and Conventional Centre in Asia by 2015.

Evolution -Them-to Us Essay -- essays research papers

Evolution The origins of mankind is an extremely controversial issue within today’s society. Scientists have a host of different theories pertaining to man’s inhabitance of earth. Many disagreements arise between scientists who have different beliefs pertaining to where and how mankind arose. One such argument is the conflict involving the theory of evolution versus the theory of creation. After extensive scientific research, it is apparent that the theory of evolution is correct. Evolution is the theory that life arose by natural processes at an early stage of the earth’s history and that complex organisms developed from simpler organisms by a process of slow change. It is the idea that new species rise from older species after thousands of years of gradual chemical, environmental, and genetic change. Evolution can be described as the complex processes by which living organisms originated on earth and have been diversified and modified through sustained changes in form an d function â€Å"Evolution†. Scientists, looking for an explanation to the origin of man and other organisms created this evolutionism theory, which also presented answers to the many asked questions dealing with similarities between species. Unlike the theory of creation, which states that the complexity of life and different species can only be explained in terms of a supernatural creator or god who placed life on earth, the theory of evolution has a plethora of evidence proving it to be true â€Å"Creation†. There are several different types of observations that support the theory of organic evolution as an explanation for the similarities and the differences among species. One such observation is in the geologic record. The geologic record is the rock scheme found within the earth’s outer crust. By means of radioactive dating, the ages of rocks in many places on earth have been determined. It is a timetable of the earth’s geologic history. This combin ed with the fossil record, another observation supporting the evolutionary hypothesis, has produced an apparent sequence of life forms from most simple to most complex during the history of the planet. Fossils are any remains or traces of a once-living organism, which are formed by preservation, petrifaction, or sedimentation. Organisms can be preserved and protected against decay by being trapped in amber, tar, or frozen in ice. The hard parts of ... ... the world could have been created in six days. Even though Scopes was found guilty of contradicting creationism and the Bible’s teachings, the persuasion of the defense’s case brought up the major question of evolution versus creation. In 1996, the issue was revisited and now teachers have the right to teach both theories. The Attorney General said the constitutional separation of church and state would be violated if both theories were not acceptable. This trial was a major step for those who believed in evolution. The outcome eventually allowed for people to open their eyes and accept new ideas. The theory of evolution proved to be true â€Å"Monkey†. The controversy over whether evolution or creation is the correct answer to human origins is a major topic of discussion and argument in today’s society. People are entitled to their beliefs, but a great deal of evidence and supporting information has confirmed the theory of evolution to be factual and accurate. By combining all of this information along with comparisons between man and ape and the discoveries of humanlike fossils, the truth is apparent. The theory of evolution in my opinion is correct.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

The Social Institution Of Marriage In Jane Austen’s Society Essay examp

The Social Institution Of Marriage In Jane Austen’s Society In the following essay I am going to closely examine the proposals of marriage Elizabeth by her cousin Mr Collins, and aristocrat Mr Darcy. I am also going to compare and contrast the events of each proposal. In Jane Austen’s lifetime a women’s status in society came firstly from her parents and secondly when she married. Jane Austen shows the marked differences in class frequently, as this was a major feature of everyday life in the 19th century. Men were seen as being far superior to women as they were able to work and thus earn a small, and in rare cases a large fortune. Pride and Prejudice in some ways mirrors Jane Austen’s own life, as her heart was broken at a tender age. Jane Austen gave her undying love to her hero Tom Lefroy, however the match proved incompatible as neither Jane or Tom had a sufficient income to allow them to live as man and wife. At only twenty Jane Austen’s real love had come and gone and she never went on to love anyone else. Pride and Prejudice portrays the struggle for women to find compatible men, that not only satisfied their own need for love and adoration, but also suitors that meet their families’ best interests. In chapter nineteen it becomes clear to the reader that Mr Collins is interested in Mrs Bennet’s daughters. He firstly questions the availability of Jane but is told that she is soon to be engaged to Mr Bingley. After this set back Mr Collins inquires about Elizabeth (the second eldest daughter of Mrs Bennet.) â€Å" May I hope madam, for your interest with your fair daughter Elizabeth, when I solicit for the honour of a private audience with her in the course of this morning.† Elizabeth tried to inte... ...) within a family could have serious consequences on daughters and their eligibility for marriage. Many would remain spinsters or they would marry outside their usual social circle. It was not unusual for couples to become engaged in their late teens (with the life expectancy at this time of approximately forty years it is perhaps not surprising that couples married young). Today many couples are marrying in their thirties and marriage is not as fashionable or socially vital. In the Bennets’ case as there was no son and heir there was the law of entailment whereby property was left to a male relative. Therefore there was a real pressure for a daughter to marry the inheritor so that property and wealth could remain within the family. Of course laws like this do not generally exist today, and marriages are a union of love rather than a business proposition.

Philippines still divided on RH Bill Essay

Philippine society remains divided on the reproductive health (RH) bill, as it is being opposed by concerned citizens, especially the pro-life, pro-family and pro-God groups, regardless of creed or religion. Pro-life groups, and many professionals in the medical and nursing fields, believe that physicians and policy makers should understand and respect the beliefs of patients who consider human life to be present and valuable from the moment of fertilization. Other aspects of the bill being contested by concerned citizens include the classification of family planning supplies as essential medicines when their safety profile and legal permissibility are questionable. Very pertinent to the debate about reproduction rights is the right to life. The Philippine Constitution says that the State shall equally protect the life of the mother and the life of the unborn from conception, if artificial contraceptives are medically proven to induce abortion as one of their mechanisms of action, then procurement and distribution of such family planning supplies are unconstitutional and illegal. Harapan†, a debate sought to clarify issues about the bill now pending in Congress, amid vitriol spilled by both sides on social media, the pulpit, on the streets, and elsewhere, aired by ABS-CBN and ANC on Sunday night. Key proponents of movements either supporting or rejecting the RH bill took part in the discussion, which was hosted by Julius Babao and Karen Davila. House Minority Leader Edcel Lagman, one of the proponents of the measure now called Responsible Parenthood-Reproductive Health Bill, cited United Nations data showing that 11 women in the country die every day due to complications related to pregnancy and childbirth. He also mentioned surveys made by Social Weather Stations and Pulse Asia showing that a majority of Filipinos support the RH bill. â€Å"Ang RH bill ay hindi tungkol sa religion. Ito ay tungkol sa karapatan, kalusugan, at kaunlaran,† he said. Lagman added that it is not only about contraceptives but also maternal health, abortion prevention, HIV-AIDS management prevention, and efforts to stamp out violence against women. Paranaque Rep. Roilo Golez, who is opposing the bill, took the opposite road and said he and the other guests would not be present at the debate if their mothers followed family planning. He also claimed that contraceptives raise breast cancer rates and do not prevent HIV infections, citing Thailand. Golez also said the Philippines’ population growth rate is going down. â€Å"Di na kailangan ng RH para bumaba. † The Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines’ Fr. Melvin Castro said that tubal ligation, a popular medical method involving the cutting women’s Fallopian tubes to prevent them from becoming pregnant again, is considered as a sin by the church. Pro-life activist George Balagtas and Dr. Sylvia Estrada Claudio, director of the University of the Philippines’ center for women’s studies also presented their arguments either rejecting or supporting the RH bill. Claudio focused her attention on the Catholic Church’s influence on the debate and said that Catholic leaders in the country should respect diversity of religion and opinion. â€Å"I’m not a Catholic. Hindi totoo na lahat ng Pilipino ay Katoliko. That is not society,† she added. Castro, meanwhile, insisted that the RH bill is against God’s laws. â€Å"We are opposing God’s will to procreate. † Other personalities from the 2 sides of the fence also crossed swords over sensitive issues such as sex education and abortion. UST’s Dr. Aguirre, meanwhile, used another angle in attacking the RH bill. She said sex education has been around for years and cited a study stating that 9 of 10 Filipino youths are not sexually active. Akbayan’s Risa Hontiveros, on the other hand, believes that sex education must begin in the fifth grade, when changes occur in the bodies of boys and girls. Even the results of the SMS and online polls held during the show failed to end arguments on key issues. In the SMS poll, 69. 58% of votes cast reject the RH bill while 30. 42% support it, while in the separate online poll held on the Harapan micro site that live streamed the debate, 63. 91% support the RH bill while 36. 09% oppose it.

A review of my personal crime prevention strategy Essay

My idea for the preventative crime strategy is â€Å"soft drug† education. In many European countries, softer alcohols like wine and beer are not policed as strongly as hard liquor. The idea behind this began in Germany when alcoholism was beginning to become more and more prevalent. Said problem was thought to be solved if alcohol was introduced differently. To be introduced to the family or at a younger age, as less of a risky or dangerous or rebellious thing. This has led to a drop in alcoholism as these drinks are normalized from a young age. In turn, the United States school system has, for decades, been using the D.A.R.E. program but this has been shown not to actually work. It uses fear mongering and essentially educating students that if they were to come in contact with marijuana, they would die. This does not, has not, and will continue not to work. My idea is to create a strategy of soft drug education. This means treating marijuana, though schedule 1, as a weak or even purely/mostly medical drug instead of a dangerous gateway to amphetamines or heroin. So by removing the stigma of being a gateway, I hope to remove it from actually becoming one. Marijuana education would be taught differently; especially as decriminalization and legalization continue throughout the country in various stages. As of now, it is schedule 1, which means it has no medical properties. Currently, even cocaine is ranked as schedule 2, meaning it can be used in some medical scenarios. Marijuana is also often spoken of as a starter drug or gateway drug. An idea that began as simply an idea, but recently has become more of a reality. Drug dealers lacing the marijuana with addictive drugs, or mental addiction, even with people just chasing the high. But a new education could reframe the plant. This would be done so the young people coming in contact with it know what it does, what it looks like, and how it feels. Lying about drugs no longer works in a digital age. A heroin addict I once spoke to talked about how no one ever said how good drugs could feel, so if they lied about that and lied about weed killing you, why not keep trying? The gateway effect was not due to him wanting to try more drugs just to try more drugs. He had felt that if marijuana had not been this addictive and deadly substance, the other dangerous drugs would not be either. The lie itself led him to those harder drugs. So essentially institute a normalization effect on marijuana. Remove the idea that it is a narcotic. The best-case scenario would be for it to be seen as a medical drug first. Similar to Tylenol or cough syrup, a drug that is purely medical in the eyes of the public, first. The first way to go about it would be getting to the smokers first. Many times children will pick up a tobacco habit before marijuana and thus before hard drugs. So the first step would be printing medical information on cigarette cartons. More and more, tobacco companies have to put the cancer-addled pictures on the cartons, and though it is meant to be a deterrent from smoking, most smokers probably just don’t look at it. This is instituted by the Surgeon General and thus cannot be fought by the tobacco companies. So putting medical facts and statistics would lead a wandering eye to see benefits of what they may have previously heard is a dangerous drug. From here, there would need to be the differentiation between marijuana and harder drugs sucks as heroin, methamphetamine, and LSD. Those listed previously are all scheduled as narcotic only with zero medical use whatsoever. Again, cocaine is listed as safer than marijuana. So it is first important to work on changing this v iew. This could occur by interlacing the failing scare tactics with the benefits of marijuana. Many shops exist countrywide, and even on South Street here in Philadelphia where â€Å"tobacco paraphernalia† are sold. So in those places make ads that may push marijuana and tobacco but put down hard drugs. Along the lines of â€Å"When you snort cocaine your heart explodes, when you smoke weed you get hungry.† Different things similar to these. This along with the D.E.A. (Drug Enforcement Administration) rescheduling, the adult/population-wide feeling against the plant could begin to lift. If various states are legalizing and/or decriminalizing, along with the national government says it is less risky, people would be more open-minded. The most important push, however, would be the medicalization side. The best way to remove a stigma, to remove a dark side of something, is to make it beneficial. The inverse of this was seen with the medicine Sudafed. It was pulled from shelves when it became public knowledge that the drug could easily be used to manufacture forms of methamphetamine. Marijuana has already begun to be shown as a medicine. The drug has been used for soldiers to relieve post-traumatic stress disorder, with chemotherapy patients it increases appetite, in various illnesses such as arthritis it stops inflammation. Marijuana already has shown the potential in many ways to be a medicine. A cheap, easy to create, strong, and it has multiple uses, drug. If it were to be rescheduled and pushed publicly, in news or music or shows, as less of a narcotic and more of a medication, the stigma would fall away. This relates to community crime prevention in many ways. The first idea of which is the connection to the basics needed to commit a crime; a place, a person to commit the crime, and a crime itself. Even without a straightforward target, if the drug is no longer seen as a drug then the target is hardened. It is more difficult to see a legal, medical, plant as a dangerous and rebellious activity. This also falls into social disorganization theory, if marijuana is medical and harder drugs fall away, then the usage of marijuana could be seen as a norm in communities similar to tobacco use or over the counter pain killers; drug culture would begin to fall away and thus rougher communities could come together more against the harder drugs. A generation bypassing heroin use would more easily be able to push out the heroin dealers. So not only would the soft drug education lead to fewer people using the harder, more deadly drugs, but it could lead to communities pushing harder and more openl y against drug dealing. (As a side note: those who dealt/grew marijuana would easily be able to ascertain occupations in the then-legal marijuana growing industry, thus a legitimate job would prevent them from dealing other illicit drugs). As well as with fewer drug dealers present in neighborhoods, violence would drop dramatically. No more people violently high on cocaine or PCP or other â€Å"uppers† as well as no more drug-based robberies. Many drug dealers are robbed because they are seen as sources of money; so either they get robbed or often times they will carry firearms and shoot their robbers. Either way, there would potentially be a drop. As well as the growth of marijuana by those who have (though illegally) been doing it for years could show to be lucrative and make low-economic-class areas into self-made enterprise zones. As discussed in class, there must be an audience to market these ideas too as well. There are two main audiences: those who are 40 years old or older, those 12 and younger. The older crowd in order to push the idea that marijuana is not harmful, the younger in order to push that it is â€Å"really a medicine† and to keep pushing for other drugs being dangerous. As the FBI and ATF speakers also spoke about, the Hobbes Act is extremely important. But the ATF speaker brought up a strong point: marijuana can be grown anywhere hydroponically. It is currently not a Hobbes Act infringement because it cannot be traced. To tie in with my idea before, if Pennsylvania were to follow through with any of these ideas, then marijuana is no longer a drug and thus any/all sales of illicit drugs become federal crimes. There is nothing scarier than saying â€Å"ALL _____ CRIMES ARE FEDERAL CRIMES† and this would push drug sales into that category. The soft drug education has multiple parts. The rescheduling of marijuana, the bettered education and allowance of use, and the final step to make it publically seen as more of a medicine than a drug to get high off of. Especially since the indicia strain of marijuana (as opposed to sativa) mostly works with treating pain, hunger, insomnia, stress, anxiety, inflammation, and other medical ailments with less of a physical â€Å"high† from the drug.   With the proper pushing to legalize then re-educate the masses, hard drug use would drop dramatically. The main purpose is not only to allow for a medication to be used by the medical community but if this works it should prevent the gateway effect. Within a generation, a large-scale drop in heroin, LSD, cocaine (crack and powder), Mescaline, ecstasy, and all other truly dangerous schedules 1 drugs. That is my crime prevention strategy. Prevent the gateway effect and thus prevent a generation of drug crimes or drug-related crimes (such as in Goldkamp’s trichotomy) on a massive scale.

The relationship between democracy and performance Essay

The relationship between democracy and performance - Essay Example To some governments, democracy helps improve performance, allowing for the free exchange of commerce and greater transparency in the administrative processes. However, for others, there is a strong belief that other forms of government would be better options in securing improved performance. This paper shall now discuss the relationship between relationship and performance using concepts relating to economic performance, political stability, and other elements of governance. Body A realistic assessment of the workings of democracy indicates that the impact of civil liberties in a country is significant in relation to the performance of a government and its investment activities (Pritchett and Kaufmann, 1998). Such finding supports the idea that the extent to which citizen are able to express their opinions in the public sphere has a crucial impact on how accountability would apply in relation to government and its efficacy. To some analysts, there is no clear association between the elements of electoral governance or democracy and the performance of government activities (Isham, 1996).... Indicators for success in projects include the economic rate of return which is based on the accomplishment of the project, and the rating on whether the project was able to fulfil its project goals. Data on success of bank-supported activities are considered determinants of borrower countries and their efficacy (Isham, 1996). This is because the projects supported by the World Bank are carried out by the borrowing country and its government which then implements the project. As such, there may sometimes be comparisons on ex post success in relation to how well governments undertake projects they opt for, rather than evaluating what projects they actually select. Data on bank-supported projects also provide a specific classification on project success based on comparative elements for different countries (Pritchett and Kaufmann, 1998). Most countries do not often assess their own projects, and most of them do not allow their own assessments to be evaluated based on the determinations made by other countries. Although there may be inaccuracy in terms of project evaluation, the evaluations gained are generally reliable elements in indicating success or failure. As the World Bank is a global institution with specific rules and consistent policies which all apply to borrowers, it is not likely for differences between countries in relation to Bank-supported activities to be primarily the result of inconsistent decisions from the WB (Pritchett and Kaufmann, 1998). The measures of democracy in this essay focused on different cross-national determinants. One of these determinants is based on rankings made by Freedom House where the firm ranks countries yearly using a checklist which includes the lack of media censorship, open discussions in public,